June 7, 2024
Asset allocation views: uncharted territory
Global markets enter uncharted territory after developed-market central banks break with historical trends to cut interest rates before the U.S. Federal Reserve. Global growth desynchronization will test market resilience while unlocking new investment opportunities.
Economic environment has supported risk assets, but for how long?
- A soft landing for the global economy has been the consensus so far, as global inflation declines, albeit slowly, with positive economic growth. This has been a Goldilocks environment for risk assets with stocks well ahead of bonds year to date.
- The European Central Bank becomes the latest developed-market central bank to break with historical trends to cut rates ahead of the U.S. Federal Reserve (Fed), joining Canada and Switzerland with a 25 basis point cut.
- The Fed will be carefully monitoring key economic markers, while inflation will be the primary focus. Jobs data and economic growth will also be measured, as it seeks to strike a balance between cutting rates too early and waiting too long, which could necessitate deeper cuts.
How long before cracks appear?
- Our outlook remains generally positive—reflected in an overweight in equity versus fixed income—but we remain alert to potential—hidden—market weakness.
- A string of disappointing economic data includes the lowest job openings since 2021 and GDP growth revised lower. This signals that growth in the United States, while still positive, may be weakening.
- Valuations are elevated relative to historical levels, heightening the risk of deeper drawdowns in a slowdown. On their own, however, valuations aren’t typically a good predictor of near-term market movements.
U.S. dominance continues for now
- The first half of the year has been defined by broad market participation, coupled with continued U.S. leadership. However, should economic trends continue to deteriorate, allowing for an accelerated rate-cutting cycle, certain assets with larger valuations cushions are set up well to outperform.
- European equities, currently undervalued, have seen earnings beat expectations with improving forward-looking projections. Stabilization in China could also present an opportunity going forward.
- U.S. small-cap equity valuations are near all-time lows relative to large caps, while investment-grade bonds have been challenged since late 2021. U.S. rate cuts could benefit both and the prevailing economic environment will determine which of these assets outperforms.
Source: Manulife Investment Management, June 2024. These views are updated on a quarterly basis. This commentary is provided for informational purposes only and is not an endorsement of any security, mutual fund, sector, or index. No forecasts are guaranteed.
Active asset allocation views
As high inflation and elevated interest rates have kept relative small-cap performance subdued, potential tailwinds have been building. These include improvements in manufacturing activity globally and earnings expectations that are elevated relative to large caps for the second half of 2024 and into 2025.
Valuations for U.S. small-cap equities are near all-time lows on a relative basis versus large-cap equities. While valuations are historically not a great indicator of near-term performance, the valuation gap demonstrates upside potential should small caps rally.
While the opportunity for small-cap outperformance is present, a shift away from large-cap leadership will require a catalyst. This could be investor sentiment or election policy, but the most likely catalyst would be interest-rate cuts. Given the combination of small caps greater sensitivity to short-term rates and low relative valuations, investment return potential is attractive.
U.S. small-cap and large-cap relative P/E ratio
1/31/98–4/30/24
Asset class returns
Asset class returns comprise the Multi-Asset Solutions Team’s expectations of how different asset classes may perform over a 5- and 20-year-plus time horizon.
Expected returns
Source: Multi-Asset Solutions Team, Manulife Investment Management, as of July 31, 2024. Not all asset classes with forecasts are represented in every portfolio managed by the Multi-Asset Solutions Team. Data shown in the tables reflects the most recent data available. Asset class forecasts comprise inputs driven by proprietary Manulife Investment Management research and are not meant as predictions for any particular index, mutual fund, or investment vehicle. To initiate the investment process, the investment team formulates 5-year and 20-year-plus risk/return expectations, developed through a variety of quantitative modeling techniques and complemented with qualitative and fundamental insight. Assumptions are then adjusted for a number of factors. REITs refers to real estate investment trusts. USD, CAD, and CNY refer to the U.S. dollar, the Canadian dollar, and the Chinese yuan, respectively. This chart contains forecasts reflecting potential future events and is only as current as of the date indicated. There is no assurance that such events will occur, and the actual asset class return may be significantly different from that shown here. This material should not be viewed as a recommendation or a solicitation of an offer to buy or sell any investment products or to adopt any investment strategy. It is not possible to invest directly in an index. Past performance does not guarantee future results.
Nathan W. Thooft, CFA
Chief Investment Officer, Senior Portfolio Manager, Multi-Asset Solutions Team
Robert E. Sykes, CFA
Senior Portfolio Manager, Head of Asset Allocation, U.S., Multi-Asset Solutions Team
James Robertson, CIM
Senior Portfolio Manager, Head of Asset Allocation–Canada, Global Head of Tactical Asset Allocation, Multi-Asset Solutions Team
Luke Browne
Senior Portfolio Manager, Head of Asset Allocation, Asia, Multi-Asset Solutions Team
Geoffrey Kelley, CFA
Senior Portfolio Manager, Global Head of Strategic Asset Allocation and Systematic Equity, Multi-Asset Solutions Team
Benjamin W. Forssell, CFA
Client Portfolio Manager, Global Multi-Asset, Multi-Asset Solutions Team
Eric Menzer, CFA, CAIA, AIF
Senior Portfolio Manager, Global Head of OCIO and Fiduciary Solutions, Multi-Asset Solutions Team
Related viewpoints
May 23, 2024
With Fed easing potentially on hold, what does this mean for fixed-income investors?
Important disclosures
Equities
U.S. large cap is represented by the S&P 500 Index, which tracks the performance of 500 of the largest publicly traded companies in the United States. U.S. small cap is represented by the S&P Small Cap 600 Index, which tracks the performance of 600 small-cap companies in the United States. Canadian large cap is represented by the S&P/TSX 60 Index, tracks the performance of the large-cap segment of the Canadian equity market on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX). Non-U.S. developed is represented by the MSCI Europe, Australasia, and Far East (EAFE) Index, which tracks the performance of large- and mid-cap stocks of companies in those regions. Emerging markets is represented by the MSCI Emerging Markets (EM) Index, which tracks the performance of large- and mid-cap EM stocks. United Kingdom is represented by the MSCI United Kingdom (U.K.) Index, which tracks the performance of the large- and mid-cap segments of the U.K. market. Japan is represented by the MSCI Japan Index, which tracks the performance of the large- and mid-cap segments of the Japanese market. Emerging Latin America is represented by the MSCI Emerging Markets (EM) Latin America Index tracks the performance of large- and mid-cap stocks in Latin America. China is represented by the MSCI China Index, which tracks the performance of large- and mid-cap stocks in China. Hong Kong is represented by the MSCI Hong Kong Index, which tracks the performance of large- and mid-cap stocks in Hong Kong. AC APAC ex-Japan is represented by the MSCI All Country (AC) Asia Pacific ex Japan Index, which tracks the performance of large- and mid-cap stocks across developed and emerging markets in the Asia-Pacific region, excluding Japan. Global REITs are represented by the FTSE EPRA Nareit Developed Index, which tracks the performance of listed real estate companies and real estate investment trusts in developed markets on a free float-adjusted basis. Global listed infrastructure is represented by Dow Jones Brookfield Global Infrastructure Index, which tracks the performance of pure-play infrastructure companies globally and covers all sectors of the infrastructure market.
Fixed income
U.S. investment grade is represented by the Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond Index, which tracks the performance of U.S. investment- grade bonds in government, asset-backed, and corporate debt markets. Canadian investment grade is represented by the FTSE Canada Universe Bond Index, which tracks the performance of marketable government and corporate bonds outstanding in the Canadian market. Global investment grade is represented by the Bloomberg Global Aggregate Bond Index, which tracks the performance of global investment-grade debt in fixed-rate treasury, government-related, corporate, and securitized bond markets. U.S. high yield is represented by the Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) Bank of America (BofA) U.S. High Yield Index, which tracks the performance of below-investment-grade U.S. dollar-denominated corporate bonds publicly issued in the U.S. domestic market and includes issues with a credit rating of BBB or below. U.S. leveraged loans is represented by the J.P. Morgan U.S. Liquid Index (JULI), which tracks the performance of a specific corporate bond or sector against the subset of the most liquid bonds in the investment-grade market. Emerging markets debt is represented by a combination of the J.P. Morgan EMBI Global Diversified Index, which tracks the performance of U.S. dollar-denominated Brady bonds, Eurobonds, and traded loans issued by sovereign and quasisovereign entities, capping exposure to countries with larger amounts of outstanding debt; the J.P. Morgan Corporate Emerging Markets Bond Index (CEMBI), which tracks the performance of U.S. dollar-denominated debt issued by EM corporations; the J.P. Morgan Government Bond Index-Emerging Market (GBI-EM) Broad Index, which tracks the performance of local currency EM government bonds. Asia credit high yield is represented by the J.P. Morgan Asia Credit Index, which tracks total returns for actively traded U.S. dollar-denominated debt instruments in the Asia ex-Japan region. Asia investment grade is represented by the J.P. Morgan Asia Credit Index Investment Grade Corporate Index, which tracks the credit spreads of Asian investment-grade (IG) credit.
Private assets
U.S. real estate is represented by the MSCI U.S. Quarterly Property Index (Unfrozen), which tracks unlevered total returns of directly held property investments in the United States from one valuation to the next. European real estate is represented the MSCI Europe Quarterly Property Index (Unfrozen), which tracks unlevered total returns of directly held property investments in Europe from one valuation to the next. Private infrastructure is represented by the Burgiss Global Infrastructure Funds Index, which is calculated from the Burgiss Manager Index, one of the most comprehensive datasets of private capital funds, funds of funds, and their holdings. Farmland is represented by the NCREIF Farmland Index, which tracks the performance of farmland properties held by NCREIF members. Timberland is represented by the NCREIF Timberland Index, which tracks the performance of timberland properties held by NCREIF members. Private equity is represented by the State Street Private Equity Index (SSPEI), which tracks the performance of high-quality primary PE in a timely manner. Buyouts are represented by the State Street Private Equity (SSPE) Buyout Index, which is a subset of the SSPEI and is limited to the PE funds categorized as buyout. Venture capital is represented by the State Street Private Equity (SSPE) Venture Capital Index, which is a subset of the SSPEI and is limited to the PE funds categorized as venture capital. Private credit is represented by the State Street Private Equity (SSPE) Private Credit Index, which is a subset of the SSPEI and is limited to the PE funds categorized as private credit.
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